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There is a total of four levels of testing available in software testing. Here levels can be defined as the process of each and every component of a system is being tested. These four software testing levels are designed to determine any missing errors or functions of a software application in the development of software testing lifecycle.
The Four Levels of Testing in Software Testing:
Unit Testing
Integration Testing
System Testing
Acceptance Testing
Unit Testing:
It is the first level of testing in Software Testing also one of the types of functional testing. A unit of a software system is being tested to check the performance of the system is said to be Unit Testing. The main function of unit testing is to test each unit or component of a software application separately.
However, it is impossible to test each and every unit of a software system as there is a limitation for a number of scenarios.
Integration Testing:
It is one of the levels of testing in software testing also comes under functional testing types. It is quite opposite to the unit testing. Integration Testing is a combination of different units or modules. To make a group and perform testing to check the performance of a system. The main aim of this testing is to recognize the interface between the modules.
Software Testing Levels
System Testing:
It helps to determine the compliance of a software system which also meets the specific requirements and quality standards. System Testing involves load testing, performance testing, reliability testing and security testing. It also comes under functional testing types and black box testing technique.
However, it is impossible to perform testing on the whole system so that it uses some of the automation testing tools.
Acceptance Testing:
It is the final level of testing in software testing which also comes under one of the functional testing types. Acceptance Testing or User Acceptance Testing (UAT) helps to determine whether the software application is ready to deliver. It plays a major role in checking whether the system meets expected business requirements and quality standards and ready to deliver.
There are three methods of software testing available namely Black Box Testing, White Box Testing and Grey Box Testing.
Black Box Testing:
Black Box Testing is a method of Software Testing also called Behavioral Testing. The main function of black box testing is to test the interior design/implementation of an item which cannot be known to the tester. The name itself says that the tester who is going to test the product will give input and examine the output results without having the prior knowledge of source code.
Black Box Testing helps to determine the following aspects:
Finding errors at the initial and final stage
Optimizing the interface errors
Checking errors or missing functions
To check and verify the errors in the external database
Advantages of Black Box Testing:
More Efficient and Suitable for large code segments
No need for any Coding or Programming knowledge
A large number of testers can test the software application without prior knowledge on programming or operating system
Design of Test Cases
Disadvantages of Black Box Testing:
Only limited coverage of application as the tester cannot target specific code segment
Test cases are difficult to design as the tester doesn’t have prior knowledge on specifications and coding
Some possible inputs will only be tested
White Box Testing:
White Box Testing is one of the methods of software testing also known as Open Box Testing, Transparent Box Testing or Glass Box Testing. It is defined as a testing method in which the tester can able to test the internal functions of a product with prior programming knowledge under specific conditions. The major role of this testing is to study the whole internal structure of a software product and need to find out the inappropriate unit code.
Advantages of White Box Testing:
It helps to optimize the whole internal source code as the tester is having programming knowledge
Almost all paths of a software product will be covered
As the tester is having programming knowledge it will be easy to find out the inappropriate unit code
Disadvantages of White Box Testing:
Requires highly skilled testers and debugging tools
Results will be more efficient but according to resources it may become expensive
Even though all paths of the source code will be covered there may be a chance of missing to find out hidden errors
Methods of Software Testing
Grey Box Testing:
It comes from the combination of the black box and white box testing. Grey Box Testing is also one of the methods of software testing. It helps to test the partial or limited paths of the internal structure of a software application. It is known as Gray Box or semi-transparent box testing. The name itself says that the tester can access limited paths of the application.
Advantages of Grey Box Testing:
The main advantage is that the tester can perform either black box technique or white box technique even both
Testers don’t need to rely on the source code
As there is alimitationof software testing, the tester can able to design perfect test cases or scenarios
Disadvantages of Grey Box Testing:
As there is no full access of source code, the tester can able to cover a limited area of the software application
There may be a chance of occurring redundant if the designer already starts the test case
The major disadvantage is that software product cannot be tested fully as there are limitations
Non-Functional Testing is one of the types of software testing. The major role of it is to test the performance of the system as per its parameters. Here is the blog to provide you some of the non-functional testing types in software testing. It also comes under the black box testing technique.
Non-Functional Testing Types
Compatibility Testing:
Compatibility Testing helps to test the compatibility of a software application with various software and hardware systems. It is one of the types of non-functional testing. It must be performing to verify the developed software application is working correctly on multiple devices and platforms or not.
Compliance Testing:
Compliance Testing is also called as Conformance Testing or Standards Testing or Regular Testing. It is defined as to determine whether the product complies with basic requirements under certain specifications or standards. In other words, we can say that compliance testing is a process of verifying the compliance of a system and it met all the specified standards or not.
Install Testing:
Installation Testing helps to verify the software application is working correctly or not after installation. It helps to validate whether it is performing well or not if any updates or modifications have been done. It is also one of the types of non-functional testing.
Localization Testing:
The process of validating the working performance of a software application according to the local settings or targeted location. While doing localization testing the aspects like content and UI may get affected. In a simple way we can say that if an application is designed for the USA, then the time, currency and language format should follow US standards.
Non-Functional Testing Types
Performance Testing:
Performance Testing comes under non-functional testing types. It determines to test the performance of a software application under a certain workload. This is the most important testing type of non-functional testing which is divided into 6 types. Namely Load Testing, Stress Testing, Endurance Testing, Spike Testing, Volume Testing and Scalability Testing.
Load Testing:
Load Testing is one of the types of non-functional testing. It works on verification of the performance of a system under any load conditions. Load conditions are referred to as a system facing pressure like many users accessing the system at a time. It helps to check whether the system is getting proper response time and throughput.
Stress Testing:
Stress Testing can be defined as to determine the performance of the system under a heavy workload that is more than design expectations. The main of this testing is to point out the error of an application when load increases.
Endurance Testing:
It helps to calculate the time period of the workload of a system application under certain requirements. Endurance Testing comes under non-functional testing types. Endurance Testing is also known as Soak Testing.
Spike Testing:
It determines the performance of the system under sudden increment or decrement of the load by users. It is also one of the types of non-functional testing.
Volume Testing:
Volume Testing determines to verify the software application’s performance under a large number of database volumes. It is also known as Flood Testing. It comes under non-functional testing types which mainly focuses on the database.
Scalability Testing:
Scalability Testing is one of the types of non-functional testing. The main purpose of it is to check the performance of the system. In terms of scalability like to scale up or scale down depending on the user requests.
Recovery Testing:
The process of testing to determine how quickly the system can recover data and face any system failure or loss of data. It also comes under non-functional testing types. The main aim of recovery testing is to verify whether the system is working properly after a system crash.
Reliability Testing:
If the software product provides the same output results repeatedly under a specified period of time and the environment. In other words, we can say that if a product is defect-free and provides the same output results.
Security Testing:
Security Testing is one of the types of non-functional testing. It helps to test and find any threats or risks in a software application. Also to check whether is any loss of data. The major role of security testing is to identify the risks or threats of a system and help developers to fix these issues.
Usability Testing:
Usability Testing or UX (User Experience) Testing which comes under non-functional testing types. It plays a key role in focusing the user flexibility and ability to use the application. This testing can be clearly understood if it goes under real-time users.
Software Testing is defined as the process of testing the software product to make it defect-free under business requirements and the output results should match with the customer’s expected results. Here in this blog, you can find Functional Testing Types and their usage in software testing.
Functional Testing:
Functional Testing is one of the types of software testing which can be defined as the each and every individual function of a software application needs to be operating with required specification. The major role of Functional Testing is to perform individual functions for a software application with respect to the requirements and specifications. Simply we can say that functions of a system need to be tested by given input and the output results should match with the expected results.
Functional Testing Types and their Usage in Software testing:
Acceptance Testing:
An acceptance testing is used to perform by the client and checks whether the total workflow of the software application is as per the business requirements and satisfies the customer’s expectations. The software application will be accepted by the client only when all the functions of system work as expected. It is also called as User Acceptance Testing (UAT). As the name itself says it is the last phase of testing later the software goes into production.
Beta Testing:
Beta Testing is used to perform in a real-time environment for actual end users before releasing the product into the market. The major aim of it is to check whether there are any failures in the product or not. It must satisfy the business requirements along with customer’s expectations. Beta Testing is usually done by the end users before releasing the product into the worldwide market. It is said to be successful only when the customer accepts the software.
Integration Testing:
Integration Testing is one of the types of functional testing. It is used to perform testing on all integrated modules and checks whether they are working fine when integrated as worked as individually. In other words, we can say that it is used to test the interfaces between modules. In this testing modules are called as code modules, individual applications, server applications, etc.,
Interface Testing:
Interface Testing is also one of the types of functional testing. It is ensured to verify whether the communication between two different software applications is done rightly or not. Mainly it is done in two main segments such as Web server and application server and application server and database server.
The main purpose of it is to ensure that the actual end user should not face any failure while using the software product.
Functional Testing Types
Regression Testing:
Regression Testing means re-testing the software product. After applies the code changes which does not disturb or impact the previous functionality of the product. Usually ensures to verify the functionality of the software product after the modification has been done to the product.
System Testing:
System Testing is defined as testing the whole system including all the modules which are integrated as per the business requirements. It also comes under the black box testing technique. It must be done after integration testing and plays a major role in providing a high-quality product. However, it is difficult to perform testing on the whole system so mainly uses some of the automation testing tools.
Sanity Testing:
Sanity Testing can be defined as if a software application is facing the crashing issues at the initial stage of usage and may not be useful for further testing then there is a need of building an application to fix it. It also comes under one of the functional testing types. It can be done depending on the implementation and its impact.
Smoke Testing:
It is the first phase of testing that should be done on any new build application. Smoke Testing is a type of software testing used to perform a group of tests. It ensures to check whether basic functions of the software application are working correctly as per the business requirements.
Unit Testing:
Unit Testing can be defined as the testing of an individual software module or component. It is quite opposite to the smoke testing. It is usually done by the programmer as the method of writing code to verify the written code in implementing business requirements.
Here we provide you the blog of functional testing vs non-functional testing with a brief explanation and examples including types and tools…
Functional Testing:
Functional Testing is defined as the testing which tests the functions of a software application and checks whether the output results are matched with expected results.
Steps for working progress of Functional Testing:
It performs testing on main functions
Identifies the functions and its operations
Checks the accessibility of the system
It executes the test cases
Checks the error conditions
Finally compares the output results with the expected results
Non-Functional Testing:
Non-Functional Testing is used to test the performance of software application based on customer’s expectations and under specific conditions.
Steps for working progress of Non-Functional Testing:
Initially tests the performance of a software application
Optimizes the software application
Provides appropriate measurements over the software product
Improves the behavior of a software application
Provides more reliable and flexible output results
Functional Testing Vs Non-Functional Testing – W3Softech
Functional Testing Vs Non-Functional Testing
Parameters
Functional Testing
Non-Functional Testing
Functionality
It tests what the product does and checks the operations of the software application.
It tests the performance of the software application under specific conditions.
Execution
Generally, it is used to perform before non-functional testing.
It is used to perform after functional testing.
Focus
It performs based on customer’s requirements.
It performs based on customer’s expectations.
Requirement
Functional Requirements are very easy to define.
Non-Functional Requirements are difficult to define.
Usage
It helps to validate the test functions of the software application.
It helps to validate the test performance of the software application.
Objective
It checks whether the actual results are working according to the expected results.
It checks whether the performance of the software application is working under specific conditions.
Manual Testing
Functional Testing is easy to execute by Manual Testing.
Non-Functional Testing is hard to execute by Manual Testing.
Automation Testing
Functional Testing is hard to execute by Automation Testing.
